20 January 1924

Birth of General MT Haryono

VIVAnews – 84 years ago today, on 20 January 1924, Mas Tirtodarmo (MT) Haryono, an Indonesian Revolutionary Hero, was born in Surabaya, East Java. He was born into a well-to-do family.

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As a child, he was fortunate enough to receive a fairly decent education. Haryono completed his elementary and secondary school education in European schools.

When the Japanese invaded Indonesia, Haryono was in Jakarta striving to become a doctor but soon quit his study at the university and joined the army.     

Due to his superior education, the army appointed Haryono the rank of major. His fluency in three foreign languages: Dutch, English and German, made him indispensable to the young Republic of Indonesia.

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On 1 September 1945, he was appointed head of the communications office in Jakarta. A year later, he was appointed secretary to the Indonesian delegation during its negotiations with the Dutch and the British. In November 1949, Haryono served as the secretary of the disarming section within the defense commission during the Dutch-Indonesia Round-Table Conference.   

In 1950, Haryono returned to the Netherlands as military attaché to the Indonesian Embassy in The Hague. Four years later he returned to Indonesia and joined the Army General Staff as Army Quartermaster. From August 1962 to 1964, Haryono served as Army Inspector General and head of the Strategic Material Section within the Supreme Operational Command (KOTI). A year prior to his death, he was promoted to Third Deputy of Army Chief of Staff.

On 1 October 1965, at midnight, a group of troops affiliated with the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) came to his house. The commander told his wife that Haryono had been summoned by President Soekarno. Haryono was suspicious and refused to go. The commander, however, insisted, and his troops began firing at his house.

While being escorted to the vehicle, Haryono struggled and tried to seize the weapon of his kidnappers. The soldiers, whose order was to bring him dead or alive, subsequently stabbed him to death with a bayonet. They put his body on the truck and took it to Lubang Buaya. Later, along with the bodies of other five generals, Haryono’s body was dumped into a nearby abandoned well.

A few days later, on 4 October 1965, the counter-coup army under General Soeharto managed to recover Haryono’s body. The next day the government gave him a state funeral and his body was buried at Kalibata Heroes Cemetary. On the same day, by the order of President Soekarno, Haryono was posthumously promoted and made Indonesian Revolutionary Hero.

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29 Maret 2024